2024 European Cup Betting AppCertification recognition test test: Transfer market trust to promote global trade

The concept of national quality infrastructure

The concept of qualified assessment

According to international standards ISO/IEC17000 "Qualified Assessment  Vocabulary and General Principles，Conformity Assessment refers to "and product、Process、System、Relevant Best Sports Betting for Euro 2024requirements for personnel or institutions are confirmed to be met "。International Standardized Organization and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization jointly published the "Establishment Establishment Trust" to point out，Business customers、Consumer、User and government officials for the quality of products and services、Environmental Protection、Safety、Economy、reliability、Compatibility、operability、Efficiency and effectiveness, there are expectations，Prove that these features meet the standard、The process of regulations and other norms requirements are called qualified assessment。

Qualified assessment provides according to relevant standards、Regulations and other specifications to meet the means that related products and services meet these expectations。It helps to ensure that the product and service are submitted in accordance with the requirements or commitments。In other words，Establishing trust，It can meet the needs of the market economy subject，Promoting the healthy development of the market economy。

For consumers，Consumers can benefit from qualified assessment，Because of the qualified evaluation, it provides consumers with the basis for choosing products or services。

For enterprises，Manufacturers and service providers need to determine whether their products and services are in compliance with laws and regulations、Standard and specification requirements and provide it in accordance with the expectations of customers，To avoid losses in the market due to product failure。

，can also benefit from the qualified assessment，Because of the qualified assessment, it provides a means to implement laws and regulations and achieve public policy goals。

The main type of qualified assessment

Qualification evaluation mainly includes detection、Test、Certification、Acknowledge four types。According to international standards ISO/IEC17000 "Qualified Assessment  Vocabulary and General Principles ":

Testing (testing) is "Activities that determine one or more characteristics of one or more characteristics of qualified assessment objects in accordance with the program"。

Popularly speaking，It is based on technical standards and specifications，Use instrument equipment，Evaluation activities，Its evaluation results are test data。

Inspect (INSPECTION) is "Examine Product Design、Product、Process or installation and determine its compliance with specific requirements，or determine the compliance activities that are required to be required to be used according to professional judgment ";

Popularly speaking，Rely on people's experience and knowledge，Use test data or other evaluation information，Make a judgment activity in compliance with relevant regulations。

Certification (Certification) is "with product、Process、System or third -party certificate related to personnel ";

Popularly speaking，refers to the product with a certified agency with a third -party nature、Service、Management System、Staff compliance with relevant standards and technical specifications qualified assessment activities。

Accreditation (account) is "a third -party certificate for the official indication of the qualified assessment agency to implement a specific qualified assessment work"。

Popularly speaking，refers to the authentication agency、Inspection agency、The technical ability of the laboratory to prove a qualified assessment activity。

The attributes of the qualified assessment activity

Evaluation of the results of the result

The results of qualified assessment are usually based on certificates、Report、Sign and other written forms to the society to publicize。Through this publicity proof，Solve information asymmetric problems，To obtain the universal trust from the relevant parties and the public。The main forms are:

认 Certificate, logo;

— recognition certificate, logo;

—The inspection proof and test report.

The market economy is essentially a credit economy，All market trading behavior is a common choice based on mutual trust。With the increasing complexity of social division of labor and quality and safety，Third -party trading targets with professional capabilities (product、Service or Enterprise Organization) Objective and fair evaluation and confirmation，It is necessary to become a market economy activity。Get the certification and recognition of a third party，Can significantly improve the trust of all parties in the market，to solve the information asymmetry in the market，Effectively reduce market transaction risk。The certification recognition system is born，Quickly used in domestic and international economic and trade activities，To consumers、Enterprise、Government、Social and World Transmission Trust。In the process of continuous improvement of the market system and the market economy system，Certification recognition "Transmission Trust，Service Development "will become increasingly apparent。

First is market -oriented features。Certification recognition originated in the market、Serving the market、Developed in the market，Wide existence in market trading activities such as products and services，Able to pass authority and reliable information in the market，Establish a market trust mechanism，Can realize mutual recognition。Market subjects adopt certification recognition methods，Can realize mutual recognition，Break the market and industry barriers，Promoting trade facilitation，Reduce institutional transaction costs; market supervision departments use certification recognition methods，Can strengthen quality and safety supervision，Optimize market access and post -event supervision，Standardize market order，Reduce regulatory cost。

The second is the characteristics of internationalization。Certification recognition is an international economic and trade rule under the Frame of the World Trade Organization (WTO)，Internationally generally recognizes certification 2024 European Cup Live Football Scores Resultsas a means of standardized market and convenient trade，Create a unified standard、Unified program and unified system。It is mainly reflected in:

—The international cooperation organization in many areas，As an international standardization organization (ISO)、International Electricity Commission (IEC)、International recognition forum (IAF)、International Laboratory Acknowledge Cooperation Organization (ILAC), etc.。Their purpose is to establish a unified standard and certification recognition system，Implement "one test、One test、One certification、One recognition、Global Pass "。

—The international establishment of all -round certification and criteria，and by the International Standardized Organization (ISO)、International Electricity Commission (IEC) and other international organizations released abroad，At present, 36 qualified assessment international standards have been released，It is generally adopted for countries around the world。At the same time，The World Trade Organization's "Technical Trade Barrier Agreement" (WTO/ TBT) also for the standards for various countries、Technical regulations and qualified assessment procedures for specifications，Establishing reasonable goals、Minimize the impact on trade、Transparency、National treatment、International standards and mutual recognition principles，To reduce the impact on trade as much as possible。

—— International Universal Application Certification Recognition Measures，On the one hand, as a guarantee product、Market access measures that meet the requirements of regulations and standards，Such as the EU CE instruction、Japanese PSE certification、China CCC certification, etc.; Some international market procurement systems such as Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) also will also be certified as a procurement access condition or evaluation basis。On the other hand, as a measure of trade convenience，Through double multilateral recognition to avoid repeated testing and authentication，Electronic and electronic product testing and certification system (Best Sports Betting for Euro 2024IECEE) established by the International Electricity Commission (IECEE)、Electronic component Quality Qualification Evaluation System (IECQ)、Explosion -proof electrical product certification system (IECEX) and other mutual recognition arrangements cover more than 90%of economies around the world，Greatly facilitated global trade。

Certification recognition，As the name suggests, it is a product、Service and its corporate organizations conduct compliant evaluations and issue publicity certificates to the society，Meet the needs of market entities for various quality characteristics。Under the circumstances of the government department's reduction of access restrictions，56455_56479。

First is the "physical examination certificate" of quality management。Certification recognition is based on standards、Regulations and other requirements，The process of using a variety of quality management methods to diagnose and improve whether the production and operation activities of enterprises are in line with standards and specifications，It is an effective tool for strengthening comprehensive quality management。Certification recognition activity，Can help enterprises identify the key links and risk factor of quality control，Continuous improvement quality management，Continuously improve product and service quality。Enterprise obtain certification，Need to go through internal trial、Management review、Factory inspection、Measurement Calibration、Multiple evaluation links such as product type test，After the certificate is obtained, it needs to be performed regularly and supervise it.，This means a full set of "physical examination"，Can continue to ensure the effective operation of the management system，So as to effectively strengthen quality management。

Best Sports Betting for Euro 2024Second is the "letter of credit" of the market economy。The essence of the market economy is the credit economy。Certification recognition inspection Test in the market to convey authoritative reliability information，Help establish a market trust mechanism，Improve market operation efficiency，and guide the market to survive the fittest。Get third -party authoritative certification，It proves that enterprise organizations have the ability to participate in specific market economy activities、Prove that its credit carrier that provides goods or services meets the requirements。For example，ISO9001 Quality Management System、ISO14001 Environmental Management System and other certifications can usually help companies win higher trust when participating in bidding at home and abroad。It can be said，Certification recognition test and testing provides credit certification for market players，solved the problem of information asymmetry，Play the irreplaceable role of conveying trust for market economy activities。

Third is the "Pass" of international trade。Certification recognition due to international characteristics，All countries advocate "one test and detection，One certification recognition，Interoperability of International Pass "，Therefore, it can help companies and products enter the international market smoothly，Play in coordinating international market access in the global trading system、Promoting important functions such as trade convenience，It is an institutional arrangement that promotes the opening of the market in the multi -bilateral trading system。

—— multilateral field: Certification recognition is an international traffic rule that promotes cargo trade under the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO)，Also products、The important condition of the service into the global procurement system。

—— bilateral field: Certification recognition is a convenient tool for eliminating trade barriers under the framework of the free trade zone (FTA)，It is also an intergovernmental about market access、Important issues of trade negotiations such as trade balance。In many international trade activities，All certification or test report issued by internationally renowned institutions as prerequisite for trade procurement，The necessary basis for trade settlement;，Market access negotiations between many countries，All take certification recognition test tests as important content。

First, guide quality upgrade for market entities，Increase the effective supply of the market。At present, all national economic gates and all areas of society have fully implemented the certification recognition system，Formed a product、Service、Management System、Personnel and other various certification and recognition types，It can meet the needs of market players and regulators。A conductive feedback by certified recognition，Guide consumption and purchase，Form an effective market selection mechanism，Forced production enterprises to improve management level and product、Service Quality，Increase the effective supply of the market。In recent years，Acknowledged Supervision Committee in accordance with the requirements of the supply -side structural reform，Giveting the certification recognition can keep the "safe bottom line"、The role of "high quality" can also be pulled，The upgrade operation of the quality management system in the certified enterprise，In food、Consumer goods and service areas to implement high -end quality certification，Stimulated the enthusiasm of the market entity to improve the quality。

Second is to support administrative supervision for government departments，Improve market supervision efficiency。International generally divides the market into two links: the front market (before sales) and the post -market (after -sales)。Whether in the admission of the previous market and the post -market supervision，Certification recognition Best Sports Betting for Euro 2024can promote the transformation of government departments，Direct management through third -party implementation，Reduce direct intervention of the market。

——Ataid market access: Government departments have passed compulsory certification、Best ability requirements and other means，For personal health and safety、Performance management in the field of social public safety。

——Accover market supervision session: Government departments in the event of incident supervision，Give full play to the professional advantage of third -party institutions，Third -party certification results as the basis for regulatory，The scientific nature of ensuring supervision、Justice。In the case of fully exerting certification and recognition，The regulatory authorities do not need to put their main energy on a micro -enterprise and products with a comprehensive supervision of hundreds of millions of agents and products，Instead、Inspection and testing agency，With the help of these institutions to transmit supervision requirements to the enterprise，to achieve the effect of "four or two pounds"。

Third is to promote the construction of integrity to all parties of the society，Create a good environment in the market。Government departments can put enterprises and their products、The certification information of the service is an important basis for integrity evaluation and credit reporting，Improve market trust mechanism，Optimize market access environment、Competitive environment and consumer environment。

— Optimized market access environment: Through certification and recognition means，Make sure companies and products entering the market、Service meets the requirements of relevant standards and laws and regulations，At the source of the source、The role of purifying the market。

— Optimize market competitive environment: Certification and recognition provides independent fairness to the market、Professional and credible evaluation information，Avoid resource mismatch caused by information asymmetry，Form a fair and transparent competitive environment，Standardize market order、Guiding the role of the market to survive the fittest。

— Optimized market consumption environment: The most direct function of certification recognition is to guide consumption，Help consumers identify advantages and disadvantages，Avoid the infringement of unqualified products，Guide enterprise integrity operation、Improve products and services，Playing protecting consumers' rights and interests、The role of improving consumer quality。

Fourth is the docking for the international market promotion rules，Enhance market opening level。The World Trade Organization's "Technical Trade Barrier Agreement" will be qualified as a technical trade measures used by the members of each member，It is required that all parties to be qualified for assessment measures shall not cause unnecessary obstacles to trade，and encourage the adoption of international interoperable qualified assessment procedures。Using international interoperable certification recognition method，Can avoid inconsistency and repetition of supervision internally and outside，Improve the efficiency and transparency of market supervision，helps to create an international business environment。With the "Belt and Road"、The construction of the free trade zone is accelerated，The role of certification recognition is even more apparent。The "Vision and Action of Promoting the Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road" released by my country，It is recognized as an important aspect of promoting the smooth trade and the interconnection of the rules。In recent years, my country and ASEAN、New Zealand、In the free trade zone agreement reached by South Korea，It includes mutual recognition arrangements for certification recognition。